Андрей Горохов: Решение направить средства ФНБ на крупные проекты в регионах даст мультипликативный эффект для всей экономики
Послание Федеральному Собранию — системообразующее. Многие назвали его революционным. Оно рассчитано не на текущий год, а как минимум на пятилетку.
Главный акцент — социально-экономическое развитие России. Международная повестка отошла на второй план. Главное — достаток, благополучие людей, демография. И экономический рост как единственный способ достичь этих целей. Борьба с бедностью — в Конституции предлагается закрепить индексацию пенсию и МРОТ не ниже прожиточного минимума. Приумножение народа — вводится материнский капитал уже с первого ребенка, увеличивается маткапитал со второго ребенка. Бесплатное питание в школах, пособие на детей. И так далее.
Экономическое развитие. Абсолютно правильный акцент на привлечении частных инвестиций в экономику. У государства не хватит собственных средств для рывка. Посмотрите на финансирование нацпроектов — там предполагается где-то половина государственных средств на половину частных. Так что нужно объединять усилия с частным бизнесом.
Президент поставил четкий индикатор — рост инвестиций в экономику на 5 % каждый год. Стимулировать бизнес к инвестициям можно путем инвестиционных льгот: вкладываешь в производство, строишь заводы, обновляешь оборудование — государство тебе потом делает вычет из налога на прибыль или налога на дивиденды. Так развивалось множество успешных стран мира. Нечто подобное я предлагал, изучив западноберлинский опыт развития. Западный Берлин в условиях изоляции умудрялся расти быстрее ГДР за счет постоянно стимулирования частных инвестиций. Был выстроен настоящий инвестиционный конвейер.
Президент в послании предложил задействовать механизмы, которые направят деньги на развитие экономики. Это компенсация региональным бюджетам 2/3 выпадающих доходов в результате инвестиционного вычета по налогу на прибыль. Это принятие закона о защите капиталовложений: его неоправданно затянули.
Важно: принято решение раскупорить кубышку — Фонд национального благосостояния. Раньше получалась такая свинья-копилка: деньги накапливали, а не тратили. В прошлом году налоги повысили, но эти деньги никуда не пошли, остались на счетах. Вопрос: зачем их тогда собирали, если деньги не работают в экономике? На это даже обратил внимание президент. Сегодня решено направить средства ФНБ на крупные инфраструктурные проекты в регионах. А это даст мультипликативный эффект для всей экономики, в том числе для малого бизнеса.
В последней части послания президент заложил основы эффективной российской государственности. Можно отметить повышение роли Госдумы и Совета Федерации. Нижняя палата будет утверждать премьера, вице-премьеров и министров. Совфед — согласовывать назначение силовиков в регионах. Будет конституционно закреплен Госсовет, то есть вырастет роль и статус губернаторов в системе российской власти.
И наконец, то, что связано с суверенитетом России и национализацией элит. Запрет занимать высшие посты в государстве имеющим чужое гражданство и вид на жительство. Конституционная норма о том, что российское законодательство выше международного. Это правильно, мир сегодня вошел в полосу турбулентности. Каждая страна будет в этом шторме устойчивой, только если целиком возьмет ответственность за саму себя.
Президент Путин в своем послании очертил контуры нашего будущего. Приоритет — благополучие граждан, демографический рост. Условие достижения приоритета —экономическое развитие, живая политическая система, суверенитет и ответственная, национально мыслящая власть.
* Мнение высказано советником губернатора Калининградской области по инвестициям в связи с предложениями по вопросам развития и государственного устройства, включая поправки в Конституцию РФ.
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Новости по этой теме
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