Владимир Зарудный: Груз из Калининграда до любого региона США идет до 15 суток
Если посмотреть весь цикл оформления товаров, произведенных в режиме ОЭЗ, при вывозе из Калининградской области на основную территорию России, с идентификацией, подтверждением происхождения, прочее, прочее, — всё это занимает минимум 15 суток. Еще трое суток добавляются на доставку: стояние в очередях на границах, прохождение таможенных процедур сопредельных государств, въезд в Россию. Этого ничего нет, если мы отправляем контейнер с товарами в США. Есть развитое линейное сообщение, контейнерное. Здесь представлены Maersk, Man и остальные линии, которые доставляют контейнеры в режиме нон-стоп. Таким образом, груз из Калининграда до любого региона США идет до 15 суток.
Получается также, что путь из США в Россию короче, чем путь в США из Китая. Таким образом, отправляя продукцию из Калининграда, мы выигрываем в логистике.
Еще один фактор — монетарный. В Китае, несмотря на все усилия партии по сдерживанию юаня, он укрепляется. Продолжается рост потребительского спроса, в принципе меняется модель поведения граждан. Они становятся всё больше и больше похожи на среднестатического европейского и американского мещанина.
Это важно понимать, что на фоне укрепляющегося юаня наша национальная валюта дешевеет. В связи с принятием новой инвестпрограммы на 7 трлн руб. рубль не всегда будет укрепляться, пока она действует. Это естественно, поскольку основную валютную выручку страна получает от экспорта энергоресурсов.
В свою очередь, ослабление рубля является великим благом для развития экспорта. Этим уже воспользовался Китай. Этим хорошо пользуется Польша, которая ни под каким предлогом не собирается вступать в зону евро. Перед Польшей — печальный опыт литовцев, которые вошли в еврозону, и многие секторы экономики оказались под давлением. Россия, имея действительно слабый рубль, пока никак не зарабатывает на экспорте. Поэтому в массовом порядке предпринимателей страны необходимо обучать основам ведения экспортной деятельности, заниматься популяризацией идей экспорта, рассказывать, какие есть экспортные возможности: Российский экспортный центр, специальный банк и страховая компания. Если будут созданы специальные налоговые режимы для ведения экспортной деятельности малым и средним бизнесом, то это даст сильный мультипликативный эффект.
* Мнение экс-генерального директора "Корпорации развития Калининградской области" приводит сайт корпорации.
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